The Sliding Window Algorithm is widely used in various fields of computer science, such as congestion control in TCP protocols. This algorithm divides time into smaller segments, each maintaining an independent counter. When a request arrives, it is assigned to the current time segment, and the corresponding counter is checked. If the counter has not reached its limit, the request is allowed, and the counter is incremented. Otherwise, the request is rejected. Older segments fade out of the window as time progresses while new segments are added.